The FIP recommendations published now are based on the CEB-FIP Model Code 1990 (MC 90) to which frequent reference is made in the right-hand margins throughout the document. They also give reference to later CEB Manuals as well as further FIP publications. For all types of structural concrete using normal weight aggregates, plain or reinforced, pre-tensioned or post-tensioned tendons, or combinations of all these types of reinforcement, they explain member design and detailing by means of strut-and-tie models (STM). Separate chapters deal with principles, material characteristics, technological details and durability requirements, strength of ties, struts and nodes of strut-and-tie models, ultimate limit state design, serviceability state design, and structural members. The former FIP Commission 3 wished this document to be of interest to consultants, contractors and authorities by enhancing the direct application of strut-and-tie models as a consistent design and detailing tool.